Through the use of solidification modeling, the Niyama criterion, and other proprietary engineering techniques a unique system of gating and risering is developed which provide for even casting cooling which greatly reduces or eliminates internal casting defects such as shrinkage and micro-porosity. All newly developed castings are subjected to a rigorous first article sampling procedure which includes radiography, liquid penetrant examination, and other non-destructive as well as destructive testing to verify the production techniques. The end result is production castings which are capable of consistently meeting the requirements of ASTM E446 Level II casting quality.